Runtime Environments

Basics

	Cloud Functions	App Engine	Cloud Run	Kubernetes Engine	Compute Engine
Fully Managed	FaaS	PaaS	CaaS/PaaS	Kubernetes Clusters	Virtual Machines
Deployable Artifact	Source or JAR	Source or JAR	Container Image	Container Image	Anything, and Container Image
Locality	Regional	Regional	Regional	Zonal/Regional	Zonal/Regional
Billing Units	Instance execution time seconds and Invocations	Instance up time minutes	Instance execution time seconds	Control plane and VM instance hours	VM instance hours
vCPU	1	1, up to 4.8GHz	Up to 2	Up to 416 per node, and up to 5000 nodes.	0.5 to 416
Memory	Up to 2GB	Up to 2GB	Up to 4GB	Up to 11TB per node.	Up to 11TB
Disk	Writable /tmp directory	Writable /tmp directory	Writable /tmp directory	Attach Tmpfs/PD/SSD	Attach PD/SSD
Use For	Webhooks Event Handlers Tasks	Web Apps Microservices Event Handlers Tasks	Web Apps Microservices Event Handlers Tasks	Any container workload JEE applications Microservices	Any workload JEE applications Databases

Application Lifecycle

	Cloud Functions	App Engine	Cloud Run	Kubernetes Engine	Compute Engine
Liveness Check	Port is listening	/_ah/health	Port is listening	Liveness Probe	Manual
Readiness/Warmup Check	No	/_ah/warmup	No	Readiness Probe	Manual
Graceful Shutdown	No Signal	/_ah/stop	No Signal	SIGTERM or custom hooks	Manual

Scaling

	Cloud Functions	App Engine	Cloud Run	Kubernetes Engine	Compute Engine
Scaling	0 to N in seconds	0 to N in seconds	0 to N in seconds	1 to N in seconds or minutes	1 to N in minutes
Autoscaling	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, with HPA and Cluster Autoscaler	Yes, with Managed Instance Group
Scaling Min/Max	No	Yes	Yes (alpha)	Yes, with HPA and Cluster Autoscaler	Yes, with Managed Instance Group
Manual Scaling	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes

Load Balancing

	Cloud Functions	App Engine	Cloud Run	Kubernetes Engine	Compute Engine
Network Load Balancer	No	No	No	Yes, with Service	Yes, with Network Load Balancer
HTTP	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, with Ingress	Yes, with HTTP(s) Load Balancer
HTTPs	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, with Ingress	Yes, with HTTP(s) Load Balancer
Custom Domain	No	Yes	Yes	Yes, manual configuration	Yes, manual configuration
Managed SSL Certificate	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, with ManagedCertificate	Yes, with HTTP(s) Load Balancer

Networking

	Cloud Functions	App Engine	Cloud Run	Kubernetes Engine	Compute Engine
Use VPC	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Expose on VPC Only	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes
Internal VPC Only Load Balancing	No	No	No	Yes	Yes