Binary Authorization

This section continues from the previous section - make sure you do the tutorial in sequence.
Deployment
/deployment/kubernetes/deployment
Attestation
/deployment/docker/attestation
Enforce Attestation
Binary Authorization allows you to enforce container image attestation, so that only attested container images can run.
Before you can turn this on, you must have attested a container image.
Enable Policy
First, export the existing Binary Authorization policy:
gcloud container binauthz policy export > $HOME/binauthz-policy.yaml
Edit the binauthz-policy.yaml and enable attestation policy:
binauthz-policy.yaml
admissionWhitelistPatterns:
- namePattern: gcr.io/google_containers/*
- namePattern: gcr.io/google-containers/*
- namePattern: k8s.gcr.io/*
- namePattern: gke.gcr.io/*
- namePattern: gcr.io/stackdriver-agents/*
defaultAdmissionRule:
  enforcementMode: ENFORCED_BLOCK_AND_AUDIT_LOG
  # Change evaluationMode to require attestation
  evaluationMode: REQUIRE_ATTESTATION
  # Add the policy, and reference the `default-attestor` created from
  # Attestation section.
  # Replace PROJECT_ID with your Project ID.
  requireAttestationsBy:
  - projects/PROJECT_ID/attestors/default-attestor
globalPolicyEvaluationMode: ENABLE
name: projects/PROJECT_ID/policy
Import the Policy File:
gcloud container binauthz policy import $HOME/binauthz-policy.yaml
Unattested Container Image
You can verify that the policy is being enforced by deploying an unattested container image:
kubectl create deployment unattested-nginx --image=nginx
While this should have created a new deployment for nginx and running a Pod, you can validate that no Pod is running:
kubectl get pods -lapp=unattested-nginx
In addition, you can verify the Kubernetes events stream:
kubectl get event
Observe the event where the container image was denied by the attestor:
... Error creating: pods "..." is forbidden: image policy webhook backend denied one or more images: Denied by default admission rule. Denied by Attestor. ...
Delete the deployment:
kubectl delete deployment unattested-nginx
Attested Container Image
Deploy a previously attested container image from the Container Image Attestation section.
PROJECT_ID=$(gcloud config get-value project)
IMAGE=$(gcloud container images describe gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/helloworld \
  --format='value(image_summary.fully_qualified_digest)')
​
kubectl create deployment attested-helloworld --image=$IMAGE
Verify that the Pod is up and running:
kubectl get pods -lapp=attested-helloworld
Allow List
It may be impossible to attest every single container image you want to run. For example, you may trust certain images from open source projects. You can add these images into an allow list.
For example, to be able to deploy the nginx container image from Dockerhub without attestation, you need to add it to the policy.
First, export the existing Binary Authorization policy:
gcloud container binauthz policy export > $HOME/binauthz-policy.yaml
Edit the binauthz-policy.yaml and enable attestation policy:
binauthz-policy.yaml
admissionWhitelistPatterns:
- namePattern: gcr.io/google_containers/*
- namePattern: gcr.io/google-containers/*
- namePattern: k8s.gcr.io/*
- namePattern: gke.gcr.io/*
- namePattern: gcr.io/stackdriver-agents/*
# Add nginx to the allow list
- namePattern: nginx
defaultAdmissionRule:
  enforcementMode: ENFORCED_BLOCK_AND_AUDIT_LOG
  evaluationMode: REQUIRE_ATTESTATION
  requireAttestationsBy:
  - projects/PROJECT_ID/attestors/default-attestor
globalPolicyEvaluationMode: ENABLE
name: projects/PROJECT_ID/policy
Import the Policy File:
gcloud container binauthz policy import $HOME/binauthz-policy.yaml
Deploy nginx again:
kubectl create deployment unattested-nginx --image=nginx
Verify that the Pod is up and running due to the allow list:
kubectl get pods -lapp=unattested-nginx
If you trust every container image from a particular Project:
binauthz-policy.yaml
admissionWhitelistPatterns:
- namePattern: gcr.io/google_containers/*
- namePattern: gcr.io/google-containers/*
- namePattern: k8s.gcr.io/*
- namePattern: gke.gcr.io/*
- namePattern: gcr.io/stackdriver-agents/*
# Add the container registry from a project to the allow list.
# Replace PROJECT_ID.
- namePattern: gcr.io/PROJECT_ID/*
defaultAdmissionRule:
  enforcementMode: ENFORCED_BLOCK_AND_AUDIT_LOG
  evaluationMode: REQUIRE_ATTESTATION
  requireAttestationsBy:
  - projects/PROJECT_ID/attestors/default-attestor
globalPolicyEvaluationMode: ENABLE
name: projects/PROJECT_ID/policy
Workload Identity
Next - Deployment
Istio
Last updated 12 months ago